What is a Rack and Pinion?
Common in small trucks, SUVs, and cars, a rack and pinion is a steering component that converts motion from the steering wheel to the wheels of your vehicle. Also called a steering rack, the rack and pinion unit consists of a round gear with multiple teeth connected to the steering shaft and a flat gear that drives the tie rod ends. Many rack and pinion units also feature hydraulic systems that receive pressure from the power steering pump to help turn the vehicle more easily. As opposed to heavy-duty vehicles that use recirculating-ball steering units, rack and pinion steering is precision-engineered to move the wheels with more exact and tight tolerances for responsive, dependable steering. A rack and pinion unit is crucial to your vehicle's turning response as you move the steering wheel, but ensuring that the tie rods are set appropriately during alignment can also have a big impact on the way your vehicle handles. The rack and pinion unit on your vehicle can suffer damage or wear out over time, and if it shows signs of failure, it should be replaced immediately for proper steering performance and safety. Your steering rack can fail from general wear and corrosion, and if the bushings or bearings of the rack and pinion wear out, it can lead to a tight steering wheel, grinding noises, or shaking, especially at higher speeds. Other signs of a worn rack and pinion include grinding or unusual noises when steering, a loose steering wheel or a wheel that has to be turned farther before affecting the vehicle's direction, or a leak from the steering rack itself. If you notice excessive vibrations in your vehicle or steering wheel, it's important to also inspect your suspension to ensure your steering components are tight and working as they should. It is also important to inspect the power steering hoses and pump since a loss of hydraulic fluid pressure can lead to overheating and internal damage of the rack and pinion unit. O'Reilly Auto Parts carries the parts and tools you may need for a DIY steering system repair to help ensure a safe, stable vehicle. Shop steering rack and pinion units, power steering pumps, tie rods, and more for a complete repair. Want more information? Visit our How-To Hub for step-by-step instructions, articles, and videos with topics like the basics of a car's handling, how to replace tie rods, and much more.
